From 47281749af32743fefad165584222f3e933cfdff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: manetta <mail@manettaberends.nl>
Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2020 15:51:37 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] first complete version of section 2

---
 .../2-question-1.md                                | 14 ++++++++++++--
 themes/default/static/css/main.css                 |  6 ++++--
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/content/Section 2 - Harm in Computational Infrastructures/2-question-1.md b/content/Section 2 - Harm in Computational Infrastructures/2-question-1.md
index 2665a12..5f73eb4 100644
--- a/content/Section 2 - Harm in Computational Infrastructures/2-question-1.md	
+++ b/content/Section 2 - Harm in Computational Infrastructures/2-question-1.md	
@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@ Slug: 02-s2-question-1
 Date: 2020-11-01 12:01
 Summary: A video contribution by Seda Gürses.
 
-The work of Seda Gürses provides us with handles to XXX [unpack, look closer into, study, explore] computational infrastructures. Throughout her work she has questioned the notion of "fair" technologies, how such "fair" practices are XXX [formulated, reasoned upon, shaped] and who is involved in reviewing the "fair" impact of digital systems. An important factor in her work is to approach computational infrastructures as systems that are far more than a technological ecosystems alone. 
+The work of Seda Gürses provides us with handles to XXX [unpack, look closer into, study, explore] computational infrastructures. Throughout her work she has questioned the notion of "fair" technologies, the limits of such practices and who is involved in reviewing their impact. An important factor in her work is to approach computational infrastructures as systems that are far more than a technological ecosystems alone. 
+
+Her work on *POTs (Protective Optimization Technologies)*[^pots] proposes forms of critical *optimization*. By questioning how *protective* technologies could *optimize* their mode of operation in a truly fair way, it provides means for affected parties to address negative impacts of digital systems. The work departs from a thorough consideration of multiple forms of *harm* to *externalities* caused by computational infrastructures, such as privacy, discrimination, low wages, surveillance and exploration risks. How a *POT* could possible engage with these externalities is furthermore illustrated through a range of activistic, artistic and deployed examples of repurposed optimization technologies that correct, shift of expose these harms. 
 
 Seda is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Multi-Actor Systems at TU Delft at the Faculty of Technology Policy and Management, and an affiliate at the COSIC Group at the Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven. Beyond her academic work, she also collaborated with artistic initiatives including Constant vzw, Bootlab, De-center, ESC in Brussels, Graz and Berlin.
 
@@ -11,7 +13,15 @@ Seda is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Multi-Actor System
 
 <!-- Through the work of Seda we can understand computational infrastructures as complex entities.  -->
 
-Three works that particulary connect to *digital infrapunctures* are her work on *POTs (Protective Optimization Technologies)*[^pots], *Programmable Infrastructures*[^progammableinfrastructures] and *The Institute for Technology in the Public Interest*[^titipi]. Links to these works are included at the bottom of this page.
+<!-- The introduction to a seminar on *Programmable Infrastructures* points out how infrastructural work is becoming more and more mouldable, resulting in clouds and network providers that offer all sorts of flexible forms of *infrastructures-as-a-service*. And finally, the work around the unfolding of *The Institute for Technology in the Public Interest* create space for the articulation of what technologies for a “public interest” might be when “public interest” is always in-the-making. Links to these works are included at the bottom of this page. -->
+
+<!-- Three of her works that particulary connect to the notion of *digital infrapunctures* are *POTs (Protective Optimization Technologies)*[^pots], *Programmable Infrastructures*[^progammableinfrastructures] and *The Institute for Technology in the Public Interest*[^titipi]. The work on *POTs* provides means for affected parties to address negative impacts of digital systems. It departs from a thorough consideration of multiple forms of harm caused by computational infrastructures. The work introduces a range of activistic, artistic and deployed examples of repurposed technologies that operate as (actual) optimization techniques, trying to correct, shift of expose these harms.  -->
+
+<!-- > PROGRAMMABLE INFRASTRUCTURES: Our concern is that the computational infrastructures are far more than a technological ecosystem alone. Like all infrastructure, they incentivize us to embed their values, and therewith much of their politics in the lower layers of the technology stack. Comparable to the cables and control equipment in electrical networks that determine what can and cannot be connected to it, computational infrastructures embed constraints on what can and cannot be built on top of it, as well as what is accessible to those needing to audit or validate its functionality.[^progammableinfrastructures] -->
+
+<!-- POTS: We propose Protective Optimization Technologies (POTs). POTs, provide means for affected parties to address the negative impacts of systems in the environment, expanding avenues for political contestation. POTs intervene from outside the system, do not require service providers to cooperate, and can serve to correct, shift, or expose harms that systems impose on populations and their environments. We illustrate the potential and limitations of POTs in two case studies: countering road congestion caused by traffic-beating applications, and recalibrating credit scoring for loan applicants. -->
+
+<!-- TITIPI: We want to create space for the articulation of what technologies for a “public interest” might be when “public interest” is always in-the-making. -->
 
 <!-- How can we recognize harm in these digital systems?  -->
 
diff --git a/themes/default/static/css/main.css b/themes/default/static/css/main.css
index 9c28002..2c674ae 100644
--- a/themes/default/static/css/main.css
+++ b/themes/default/static/css/main.css
@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ h1.category{
 	font-weight: normal;
 }
 
+/* next & prev buttons */
 ul.navprevnext{
 	position: relative;
 	display: inline-block;
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ ul.navprevnext{
 	ul.navprevnext li.none{
 		position: relative;
 		width: calc(50% - 9em);
-		height: 150px;
+		height: 175px;
 		top:0;
 		background-color: yellow;
 		border-radius: 1em;
@@ -139,6 +140,7 @@ ul.navprevnext{
 	ul.navprevnext li.next:before{
 		content:'Go to the next page\00a0\00a0\00a0→';
 		margin-right:-2em;
+		text-align: right;
 	}
 	ul.navprevnext li.none,
 	ul.navprevnext li.prev{
@@ -149,7 +151,7 @@ ul.navprevnext{
 	ul.navprevnext li.done{
 		float: right;
 		right: -9.5em;
-		text-align: right;
+		/*text-align: right;*/
 	}
 	/* you finished this section */
 	ul.navprevnext li.done{