coded constants work and added it

works/Constant Dullaart/clk-esp/DNSServer.cpp

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+#include "./DNSServer.h"
+#include <lwip/def.h>
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+#define DEBUG
+#define DEBUG_OUTPUT Serial
+
+DNSServer::DNSServer()
+{
+  _ttl = htonl(60);
+  _errorReplyCode = DNSReplyCode::NonExistentDomain;
+}
+
+bool DNSServer::start(const uint16_t &port, const String &domainName,
+                     const IPAddress &resolvedIP)
+{
+  _port = port;
+  _domainName = domainName;
+  _resolvedIP[0] = resolvedIP[0];
+  _resolvedIP[1] = resolvedIP[1];
+  _resolvedIP[2] = resolvedIP[2];
+  _resolvedIP[3] = resolvedIP[3];
+  downcaseAndRemoveWwwPrefix(_domainName);
+  return _udp.begin(_port) == 1;
+}
+
+void DNSServer::setErrorReplyCode(const DNSReplyCode &replyCode)
+{
+  _errorReplyCode = replyCode;
+}
+
+void DNSServer::setTTL(const uint32_t &ttl)
+{
+  _ttl = htonl(ttl);
+}
+
+void DNSServer::stop()
+{
+  _udp.stop();
+}
+
+void DNSServer::downcaseAndRemoveWwwPrefix(String &domainName)
+{
+  domainName.toLowerCase();
+  domainName.replace("www.", "");
+  domainName.replace("https://", "");
+}
+
+void DNSServer::processNextRequest()
+{
+  _currentPacketSize = _udp.parsePacket();
+  if (_currentPacketSize)
+  {
+    _buffer = (unsigned char*)malloc(_currentPacketSize * sizeof(char));
+    _udp.read(_buffer, _currentPacketSize);
+    _dnsHeader = (DNSHeader*) _buffer;
+
+    if (_dnsHeader->QR == DNS_QR_QUERY &&
+        _dnsHeader->OPCode == DNS_OPCODE_QUERY &&
+        requestIncludesOnlyOneQuestion() &&
+        (_domainName == "*" || getDomainNameWithoutWwwPrefix() == _domainName)
+       )
+
+    {
+      replyWithIP();
+    }
+    else if (_dnsHeader->QR == DNS_QR_QUERY)
+    {
+      replyWithCustomCode();
+    }
+
+    free(_buffer);
+  }
+}
+
+bool DNSServer::requestIncludesOnlyOneQuestion()
+{
+  return ntohs(_dnsHeader->QDCount) == 1 &&
+         _dnsHeader->ANCount == 0 &&
+         _dnsHeader->NSCount == 0 &&
+         _dnsHeader->ARCount == 0;
+}
+
+String DNSServer::getDomainNameWithoutWwwPrefix()
+{
+  String parsedDomainName = "";
+  unsigned char *start = _buffer + 12;
+  if (*start == 0)
+  {
+    return parsedDomainName;
+  }
+  int pos = 0;
+  while(true)
+  {
+    unsigned char labelLength = *(start + pos);
+    for(int i = 0; i < labelLength; i++)
+    {
+      pos++;
+      parsedDomainName += (char)*(start + pos);
+    }
+    pos++;
+    if (*(start + pos) == 0)
+    {
+      downcaseAndRemoveWwwPrefix(parsedDomainName);
+      return parsedDomainName;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      parsedDomainName += ".";
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void DNSServer::replyWithIP()
+{
+  _dnsHeader->QR = DNS_QR_RESPONSE;
+  _dnsHeader->ANCount = _dnsHeader->QDCount;
+  _dnsHeader->QDCount = _dnsHeader->QDCount; 
+  //_dnsHeader->RA = 1;  
+
+  _udp.beginPacket(_udp.remoteIP(), _udp.remotePort());
+  _udp.write(_buffer, _currentPacketSize);
+
+  _udp.write((uint8_t)192); //  answer name is a pointer
+  _udp.write((uint8_t)12);  // pointer to offset at 0x00c
+
+  _udp.write((uint8_t)0);   // 0x0001  answer is type A query (host address)
+  _udp.write((uint8_t)1);
+
+  _udp.write((uint8_t)0);   //0x0001 answer is class IN (internet address)
+  _udp.write((uint8_t)1);
+ 
+  _udp.write((unsigned char*)&_ttl, 4);
+
+  // Length of RData is 4 bytes (because, in this case, RData is IPv4)
+  _udp.write((uint8_t)0);
+  _udp.write((uint8_t)4);
+  _udp.write(_resolvedIP, sizeof(_resolvedIP));
+  _udp.endPacket();
+
+
+
+  #ifdef DEBUG
+    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("DNS responds: ");
+    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(_resolvedIP[0]);
+    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(".");
+    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(_resolvedIP[1]);
+    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(".");
+    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(_resolvedIP[2]);
+    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(".");
+    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(_resolvedIP[3]);
+    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" for ");
+    DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(getDomainNameWithoutWwwPrefix());
+  #endif
+}
+
+void DNSServer::replyWithCustomCode()
+{
+  _dnsHeader->QR = DNS_QR_RESPONSE;
+  _dnsHeader->RCode = (unsigned char)_errorReplyCode;
+  _dnsHeader->QDCount = 0;
+
+  _udp.beginPacket(_udp.remoteIP(), _udp.remotePort());
+  _udp.write(_buffer, sizeof(DNSHeader));
+  _udp.endPacket();
+}

works/Constant Dullaart/clk-esp/DNSServer.h

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+#ifndef DNSServer_h
+#define DNSServer_h
+#include <WiFiUdp.h>
+
+#define DNS_QR_QUERY 0
+#define DNS_QR_RESPONSE 1
+#define DNS_OPCODE_QUERY 0
+
+enum class DNSReplyCode
+{
+  NoError = 0,
+  FormError = 1,
+  ServerFailure = 2,
+  NonExistentDomain = 3,
+  NotImplemented = 4,
+  Refused = 5,
+  YXDomain = 6,
+  YXRRSet = 7,
+  NXRRSet = 8
+};
+
+struct DNSHeader
+{
+  uint16_t ID;               // identification number
+  unsigned char RD : 1;      // recursion desired
+  unsigned char TC : 1;      // truncated message
+  unsigned char AA : 1;      // authoritive answer
+  unsigned char OPCode : 4;  // message_type
+  unsigned char QR : 1;      // query/response flag
+  unsigned char RCode : 4;   // response code
+  unsigned char Z : 3;       // its z! reserved
+  unsigned char RA : 1;      // recursion available
+  uint16_t QDCount;          // number of question entries
+  uint16_t ANCount;          // number of answer entries
+  uint16_t NSCount;          // number of authority entries
+  uint16_t ARCount;          // number of resource entries
+};
+
+class DNSServer
+{
+  public:
+    DNSServer();
+    void processNextRequest();
+    void setErrorReplyCode(const DNSReplyCode &replyCode);
+    void setTTL(const uint32_t &ttl);
+
+    // Returns true if successful, false if there are no sockets available
+    bool start(const uint16_t &port,
+              const String &domainName,
+              const IPAddress &resolvedIP);
+    // stops the DNS server
+    void stop();
+
+  private:
+    WiFiUDP _udp;
+    uint16_t _port;
+    String _domainName;
+    unsigned char _resolvedIP[4];
+    int _currentPacketSize;
+    unsigned char* _buffer;
+    DNSHeader* _dnsHeader;
+    uint32_t _ttl;
+    DNSReplyCode _errorReplyCode;
+
+    void downcaseAndRemoveWwwPrefix(String &domainName);
+    String getDomainNameWithoutWwwPrefix();
+    bool requestIncludesOnlyOneQuestion();
+    void replyWithIP();
+    void replyWithCustomCode();
+};
+#endif

works/Constant Dullaart/clk-esp/clk-esp.ino

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+  // Captive portal with (arduino) OTA + SPIFFS
+  
+  #include <Arduino.h>
+  #include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
+  #include <ESP8266mDNS.h>
+  #include <WiFiUdp.h>
+  #include <ArduinoOTA.h> // Over-the-Air updates
+  #include <ESP8266WebServer.h>
+  #include "./DNSServer.h" // Dns server
+  #include <FS.h> // SPIFFS
+  
+  DNSServer dnsServer;
+  const byte DNS_PORT = 53;
+  
+  ESP8266WebServer server(80);
+
+  #ifndef STASSID
+  #define STASSID "clock2"
+  //#define STASPSK "mypassword"
+  #endif
+
+  IPAddress apIP(192, 168, 4, 1);
+  const char* ssid = STASSID;
+  //const char* password = STAPSK;
+
+  void setup() {
+    Serial.begin(115200);
+    Serial.println("Booting");
+
+    WiFi.mode(WIFI_AP);
+    WiFi.softAPConfig(apIP, apIP, IPAddress(255, 255, 255, 0));
+    WiFi.softAP(ssid);
+    dnsServer.start(DNS_PORT, "*", apIP); // redirect dns request to AP ip
+    
+    MDNS.begin("opencoil", WiFi.softAPIP());
+    Serial.println("Ready");
+    Serial.print("IP address: ");
+    Serial.println(WiFi.softAPIP());
+
+    //Over-the-Air updates
+    ArduinoOTA.setHostname("opencoil");
+    //ArduinoOTA.setPassword("change-me"); //disabled to allow data uploads
+    ArduinoOTA.begin();
+    SPIFFS.begin();
+
+     //redirect all traffic to index.html
+  server.onNotFound([]() {
+    if(!handleFileRead(server.uri())){
+      const char *metaRefreshStr = "<head><meta http-equiv=\"refresh\" content=\"0; url=http://192.168.4.1/index.html\" /></head><body><p>redirecting...</p></body>";
+      server.send(200, "text/html", metaRefreshStr);
+    }
+  });
+  
+    server.begin();
+ delay(60000); // wait 1 minute
+
+  }
+
+  void loop() {
+     dnsServer.processNextRequest();
+    ArduinoOTA.handle();
+    server.handleClient();
+
+     char *s;
+ s = TimeToString(65000 + millis()/1000); //65000 is approx 18:03, start time
+ Serial.println(s);
+ WiFi.softAP(s);
+ delay(1000); // 1sec
+  }
+
+
+String getContentType(String filename){
+  if(server.hasArg("download")) return "application/octet-stream";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".htm")) return "text/html";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".html")) return "text/html";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".css")) return "text/css";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".js")) return "application/javascript";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".png")) return "image/png";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".gif")) return "image/gif";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".jpg")) return "image/jpeg";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".ico")) return "image/x-icon";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".xml")) return "text/xml";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".mp4")) return "video/mp4";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".pdf")) return "application/x-pdf";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".zip")) return "application/x-zip";
+  else if(filename.endsWith(".gz")) return "application/x-gzip";
+  return "text/plain";
+}
+
+//Given a file path, look for it in the SPIFFS file storage. Returns true if found, returns false if not found.
+bool handleFileRead(String path){
+  if(path.endsWith("/")) path += "index.html";
+  String contentType = getContentType(path);
+  String pathWithGz = path + ".gz";
+  if(SPIFFS.exists(pathWithGz) || SPIFFS.exists(path)){
+    if(SPIFFS.exists(pathWithGz))
+      path += ".gz";
+    File file = SPIFFS.open(path, "r");
+    size_t sent = server.streamFile(file, contentType);
+    file.close();
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+
+// t is time in seconds = millis()/1000;
+char * TimeToString(unsigned long t)
+{
+ static char str[12];
+ long h = t / 3600;
+ t = t % 3600;
+ int m = t / 60;
+ int s = t % 60;
+ sprintf(str, "%02ld:%02d:%02d", h, m, s);
+ return str;
+}

works/Constant Dullaart/clk-esp/data/index.html

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+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<html>
+
+	<head>
+		<title></title>
+	</head>
+	<body>
+
+hi
+<img src="pic.jpg">
+	</body>
+</html>