forked from varia/varia.website
662 lines
22 KiB
Python
662 lines
22 KiB
Python
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"""Light wrapper around the Win32 Console API - this module should only be imported on Windows
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The API that this module wraps is documented at https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/console-functions
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"""
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import ctypes
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import sys
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from typing import Any
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windll: Any = None
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if sys.platform == "win32":
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windll = ctypes.LibraryLoader(ctypes.WinDLL)
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else:
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raise ImportError(f"{__name__} can only be imported on Windows")
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import time
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from ctypes import Structure, byref, wintypes
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from typing import IO, NamedTuple, Type, cast
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from rich.color import ColorSystem
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from rich.style import Style
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STDOUT = -11
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ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING = 4
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COORD = wintypes._COORD
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class LegacyWindowsError(Exception):
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pass
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class WindowsCoordinates(NamedTuple):
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"""Coordinates in the Windows Console API are (y, x), not (x, y).
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This class is intended to prevent that confusion.
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Rows and columns are indexed from 0.
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This class can be used in place of wintypes._COORD in arguments and argtypes.
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"""
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row: int
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col: int
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@classmethod
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def from_param(cls, value: "WindowsCoordinates") -> COORD:
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"""Converts a WindowsCoordinates into a wintypes _COORD structure.
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This classmethod is internally called by ctypes to perform the conversion.
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Args:
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value (WindowsCoordinates): The input coordinates to convert.
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Returns:
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wintypes._COORD: The converted coordinates struct.
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"""
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return COORD(value.col, value.row)
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class CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO(Structure):
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_fields_ = [
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("dwSize", COORD),
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("dwCursorPosition", COORD),
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("wAttributes", wintypes.WORD),
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("srWindow", wintypes.SMALL_RECT),
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("dwMaximumWindowSize", COORD),
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]
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class CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO(ctypes.Structure):
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_fields_ = [("dwSize", wintypes.DWORD), ("bVisible", wintypes.BOOL)]
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_GetStdHandle = windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle
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_GetStdHandle.argtypes = [
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wintypes.DWORD,
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]
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_GetStdHandle.restype = wintypes.HANDLE
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def GetStdHandle(handle: int = STDOUT) -> wintypes.HANDLE:
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"""Retrieves a handle to the specified standard device (standard input, standard output, or standard error).
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Args:
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handle (int): Integer identifier for the handle. Defaults to -11 (stdout).
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Returns:
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wintypes.HANDLE: The handle
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"""
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return cast(wintypes.HANDLE, _GetStdHandle(handle))
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_GetConsoleMode = windll.kernel32.GetConsoleMode
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_GetConsoleMode.argtypes = [wintypes.HANDLE, wintypes.LPDWORD]
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_GetConsoleMode.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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def GetConsoleMode(std_handle: wintypes.HANDLE) -> int:
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"""Retrieves the current input mode of a console's input buffer
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or the current output mode of a console screen buffer.
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Args:
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std_handle (wintypes.HANDLE): A handle to the console input buffer or the console screen buffer.
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Raises:
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LegacyWindowsError: If any error occurs while calling the Windows console API.
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Returns:
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int: Value representing the current console mode as documented at
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https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/getconsolemode#parameters
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"""
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console_mode = wintypes.DWORD()
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success = bool(_GetConsoleMode(std_handle, console_mode))
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if not success:
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raise LegacyWindowsError("Unable to get legacy Windows Console Mode")
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return console_mode.value
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_FillConsoleOutputCharacterW = windll.kernel32.FillConsoleOutputCharacterW
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_FillConsoleOutputCharacterW.argtypes = [
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wintypes.HANDLE,
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ctypes.c_char,
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wintypes.DWORD,
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cast(Type[COORD], WindowsCoordinates),
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ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),
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]
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_FillConsoleOutputCharacterW.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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def FillConsoleOutputCharacter(
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std_handle: wintypes.HANDLE,
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char: str,
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length: int,
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start: WindowsCoordinates,
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) -> int:
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"""Writes a character to the console screen buffer a specified number of times, beginning at the specified coordinates.
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Args:
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std_handle (wintypes.HANDLE): A handle to the console input buffer or the console screen buffer.
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char (str): The character to write. Must be a string of length 1.
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length (int): The number of times to write the character.
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start (WindowsCoordinates): The coordinates to start writing at.
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Returns:
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int: The number of characters written.
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"""
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character = ctypes.c_char(char.encode())
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num_characters = wintypes.DWORD(length)
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num_written = wintypes.DWORD(0)
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_FillConsoleOutputCharacterW(
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std_handle,
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character,
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num_characters,
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start,
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byref(num_written),
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)
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return num_written.value
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_FillConsoleOutputAttribute = windll.kernel32.FillConsoleOutputAttribute
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_FillConsoleOutputAttribute.argtypes = [
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wintypes.HANDLE,
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wintypes.WORD,
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wintypes.DWORD,
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cast(Type[COORD], WindowsCoordinates),
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ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),
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]
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_FillConsoleOutputAttribute.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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def FillConsoleOutputAttribute(
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std_handle: wintypes.HANDLE,
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attributes: int,
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length: int,
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start: WindowsCoordinates,
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) -> int:
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"""Sets the character attributes for a specified number of character cells,
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beginning at the specified coordinates in a screen buffer.
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Args:
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std_handle (wintypes.HANDLE): A handle to the console input buffer or the console screen buffer.
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attributes (int): Integer value representing the foreground and background colours of the cells.
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length (int): The number of cells to set the output attribute of.
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start (WindowsCoordinates): The coordinates of the first cell whose attributes are to be set.
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Returns:
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int: The number of cells whose attributes were actually set.
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"""
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num_cells = wintypes.DWORD(length)
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style_attrs = wintypes.WORD(attributes)
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num_written = wintypes.DWORD(0)
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_FillConsoleOutputAttribute(
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std_handle, style_attrs, num_cells, start, byref(num_written)
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)
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return num_written.value
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_SetConsoleTextAttribute = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute
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_SetConsoleTextAttribute.argtypes = [
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wintypes.HANDLE,
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wintypes.WORD,
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]
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_SetConsoleTextAttribute.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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def SetConsoleTextAttribute(
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std_handle: wintypes.HANDLE, attributes: wintypes.WORD
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) -> bool:
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"""Set the colour attributes for all text written after this function is called.
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Args:
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std_handle (wintypes.HANDLE): A handle to the console input buffer or the console screen buffer.
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attributes (int): Integer value representing the foreground and background colours.
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Returns:
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bool: True if the attribute was set successfully, otherwise False.
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"""
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return bool(_SetConsoleTextAttribute(std_handle, attributes))
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_GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo = windll.kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo
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_GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo.argtypes = [
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wintypes.HANDLE,
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ctypes.POINTER(CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO),
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]
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_GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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def GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(
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std_handle: wintypes.HANDLE,
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) -> CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO:
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"""Retrieves information about the specified console screen buffer.
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Args:
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std_handle (wintypes.HANDLE): A handle to the console input buffer or the console screen buffer.
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Returns:
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CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO: A CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO ctype struct contain information about
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screen size, cursor position, colour attributes, and more."""
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console_screen_buffer_info = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO()
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_GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(std_handle, byref(console_screen_buffer_info))
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return console_screen_buffer_info
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_SetConsoleCursorPosition = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleCursorPosition
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_SetConsoleCursorPosition.argtypes = [
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wintypes.HANDLE,
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cast(Type[COORD], WindowsCoordinates),
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]
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_SetConsoleCursorPosition.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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def SetConsoleCursorPosition(
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std_handle: wintypes.HANDLE, coords: WindowsCoordinates
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) -> bool:
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"""Set the position of the cursor in the console screen
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Args:
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std_handle (wintypes.HANDLE): A handle to the console input buffer or the console screen buffer.
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coords (WindowsCoordinates): The coordinates to move the cursor to.
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Returns:
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bool: True if the function succeeds, otherwise False.
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"""
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return bool(_SetConsoleCursorPosition(std_handle, coords))
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_GetConsoleCursorInfo = windll.kernel32.GetConsoleCursorInfo
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_GetConsoleCursorInfo.argtypes = [
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wintypes.HANDLE,
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ctypes.POINTER(CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO),
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]
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_GetConsoleCursorInfo.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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def GetConsoleCursorInfo(
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std_handle: wintypes.HANDLE, cursor_info: CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO
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) -> bool:
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"""Get the cursor info - used to get cursor visibility and width
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Args:
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std_handle (wintypes.HANDLE): A handle to the console input buffer or the console screen buffer.
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cursor_info (CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO): CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO ctype struct that receives information
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about the console's cursor.
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Returns:
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bool: True if the function succeeds, otherwise False.
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"""
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return bool(_GetConsoleCursorInfo(std_handle, byref(cursor_info)))
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_SetConsoleCursorInfo = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleCursorInfo
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_SetConsoleCursorInfo.argtypes = [
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wintypes.HANDLE,
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ctypes.POINTER(CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO),
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]
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_SetConsoleCursorInfo.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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def SetConsoleCursorInfo(
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std_handle: wintypes.HANDLE, cursor_info: CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO
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) -> bool:
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"""Set the cursor info - used for adjusting cursor visibility and width
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Args:
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std_handle (wintypes.HANDLE): A handle to the console input buffer or the console screen buffer.
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cursor_info (CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO): CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO ctype struct containing the new cursor info.
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Returns:
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bool: True if the function succeeds, otherwise False.
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"""
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return bool(_SetConsoleCursorInfo(std_handle, byref(cursor_info)))
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_SetConsoleTitle = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTitleW
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_SetConsoleTitle.argtypes = [wintypes.LPCWSTR]
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_SetConsoleTitle.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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def SetConsoleTitle(title: str) -> bool:
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"""Sets the title of the current console window
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Args:
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title (str): The new title of the console window.
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Returns:
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bool: True if the function succeeds, otherwise False.
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"""
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return bool(_SetConsoleTitle(title))
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class LegacyWindowsTerm:
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"""This class allows interaction with the legacy Windows Console API. It should only be used in the context
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of environments where virtual terminal processing is not available. However, if it is used in a Windows environment,
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the entire API should work.
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Args:
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file (IO[str]): The file which the Windows Console API HANDLE is retrieved from, defaults to sys.stdout.
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"""
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BRIGHT_BIT = 8
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# Indices are ANSI color numbers, values are the corresponding Windows Console API color numbers
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ANSI_TO_WINDOWS = [
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0, # black The Windows colours are defined in wincon.h as follows:
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4, # red define FOREGROUND_BLUE 0x0001 -- 0000 0001
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2, # green define FOREGROUND_GREEN 0x0002 -- 0000 0010
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6, # yellow define FOREGROUND_RED 0x0004 -- 0000 0100
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1, # blue define FOREGROUND_INTENSITY 0x0008 -- 0000 1000
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5, # magenta define BACKGROUND_BLUE 0x0010 -- 0001 0000
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3, # cyan define BACKGROUND_GREEN 0x0020 -- 0010 0000
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7, # white define BACKGROUND_RED 0x0040 -- 0100 0000
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8, # bright black (grey) define BACKGROUND_INTENSITY 0x0080 -- 1000 0000
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12, # bright red
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10, # bright green
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14, # bright yellow
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9, # bright blue
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13, # bright magenta
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11, # bright cyan
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15, # bright white
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]
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def __init__(self, file: "IO[str]") -> None:
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handle = GetStdHandle(STDOUT)
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self._handle = handle
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default_text = GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle).wAttributes
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self._default_text = default_text
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self._default_fore = default_text & 7
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self._default_back = (default_text >> 4) & 7
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self._default_attrs = self._default_fore | (self._default_back << 4)
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self._file = file
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self.write = file.write
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self.flush = file.flush
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@property
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def cursor_position(self) -> WindowsCoordinates:
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"""Returns the current position of the cursor (0-based)
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Returns:
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WindowsCoordinates: The current cursor position.
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"""
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coord: COORD = GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(self._handle).dwCursorPosition
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return WindowsCoordinates(row=coord.Y, col=coord.X)
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@property
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def screen_size(self) -> WindowsCoordinates:
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"""Returns the current size of the console screen buffer, in character columns and rows
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Returns:
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WindowsCoordinates: The width and height of the screen as WindowsCoordinates.
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"""
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screen_size: COORD = GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(self._handle).dwSize
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return WindowsCoordinates(row=screen_size.Y, col=screen_size.X)
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def write_text(self, text: str) -> None:
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"""Write text directly to the terminal without any modification of styles
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Args:
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text (str): The text to write to the console
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"""
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self.write(text)
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self.flush()
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def write_styled(self, text: str, style: Style) -> None:
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"""Write styled text to the terminal.
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Args:
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text (str): The text to write
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style (Style): The style of the text
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"""
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color = style.color
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bgcolor = style.bgcolor
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if style.reverse:
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color, bgcolor = bgcolor, color
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if color:
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fore = color.downgrade(ColorSystem.WINDOWS).number
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fore = fore if fore is not None else 7 # Default to ANSI 7: White
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if style.bold:
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fore = fore | self.BRIGHT_BIT
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if style.dim:
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fore = fore & ~self.BRIGHT_BIT
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fore = self.ANSI_TO_WINDOWS[fore]
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else:
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fore = self._default_fore
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if bgcolor:
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back = bgcolor.downgrade(ColorSystem.WINDOWS).number
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back = back if back is not None else 0 # Default to ANSI 0: Black
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back = self.ANSI_TO_WINDOWS[back]
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else:
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back = self._default_back
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assert fore is not None
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assert back is not None
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SetConsoleTextAttribute(
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self._handle, attributes=ctypes.c_ushort(fore | (back << 4))
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)
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self.write_text(text)
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SetConsoleTextAttribute(self._handle, attributes=self._default_text)
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def move_cursor_to(self, new_position: WindowsCoordinates) -> None:
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"""Set the position of the cursor
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Args:
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new_position (WindowsCoordinates): The WindowsCoordinates representing the new position of the cursor.
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"""
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if new_position.col < 0 or new_position.row < 0:
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||
|
return
|
||
|
SetConsoleCursorPosition(self._handle, coords=new_position)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def erase_line(self) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Erase all content on the line the cursor is currently located at"""
|
||
|
screen_size = self.screen_size
|
||
|
cursor_position = self.cursor_position
|
||
|
cells_to_erase = screen_size.col
|
||
|
start_coordinates = WindowsCoordinates(row=cursor_position.row, col=0)
|
||
|
FillConsoleOutputCharacter(
|
||
|
self._handle, " ", length=cells_to_erase, start=start_coordinates
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
FillConsoleOutputAttribute(
|
||
|
self._handle,
|
||
|
self._default_attrs,
|
||
|
length=cells_to_erase,
|
||
|
start=start_coordinates,
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def erase_end_of_line(self) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Erase all content from the cursor position to the end of that line"""
|
||
|
cursor_position = self.cursor_position
|
||
|
cells_to_erase = self.screen_size.col - cursor_position.col
|
||
|
FillConsoleOutputCharacter(
|
||
|
self._handle, " ", length=cells_to_erase, start=cursor_position
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
FillConsoleOutputAttribute(
|
||
|
self._handle,
|
||
|
self._default_attrs,
|
||
|
length=cells_to_erase,
|
||
|
start=cursor_position,
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def erase_start_of_line(self) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Erase all content from the cursor position to the start of that line"""
|
||
|
row, col = self.cursor_position
|
||
|
start = WindowsCoordinates(row, 0)
|
||
|
FillConsoleOutputCharacter(self._handle, " ", length=col, start=start)
|
||
|
FillConsoleOutputAttribute(
|
||
|
self._handle, self._default_attrs, length=col, start=start
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def move_cursor_up(self) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Move the cursor up a single cell"""
|
||
|
cursor_position = self.cursor_position
|
||
|
SetConsoleCursorPosition(
|
||
|
self._handle,
|
||
|
coords=WindowsCoordinates(
|
||
|
row=cursor_position.row - 1, col=cursor_position.col
|
||
|
),
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def move_cursor_down(self) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Move the cursor down a single cell"""
|
||
|
cursor_position = self.cursor_position
|
||
|
SetConsoleCursorPosition(
|
||
|
self._handle,
|
||
|
coords=WindowsCoordinates(
|
||
|
row=cursor_position.row + 1,
|
||
|
col=cursor_position.col,
|
||
|
),
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def move_cursor_forward(self) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Move the cursor forward a single cell. Wrap to the next line if required."""
|
||
|
row, col = self.cursor_position
|
||
|
if col == self.screen_size.col - 1:
|
||
|
row += 1
|
||
|
col = 0
|
||
|
else:
|
||
|
col += 1
|
||
|
SetConsoleCursorPosition(
|
||
|
self._handle, coords=WindowsCoordinates(row=row, col=col)
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def move_cursor_to_column(self, column: int) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Move cursor to the column specified by the zero-based column index, staying on the same row
|
||
|
|
||
|
Args:
|
||
|
column (int): The zero-based column index to move the cursor to.
|
||
|
"""
|
||
|
row, _ = self.cursor_position
|
||
|
SetConsoleCursorPosition(self._handle, coords=WindowsCoordinates(row, column))
|
||
|
|
||
|
def move_cursor_backward(self) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Move the cursor backward a single cell. Wrap to the previous line if required."""
|
||
|
row, col = self.cursor_position
|
||
|
if col == 0:
|
||
|
row -= 1
|
||
|
col = self.screen_size.col - 1
|
||
|
else:
|
||
|
col -= 1
|
||
|
SetConsoleCursorPosition(
|
||
|
self._handle, coords=WindowsCoordinates(row=row, col=col)
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def hide_cursor(self) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Hide the cursor"""
|
||
|
current_cursor_size = self._get_cursor_size()
|
||
|
invisible_cursor = CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO(dwSize=current_cursor_size, bVisible=0)
|
||
|
SetConsoleCursorInfo(self._handle, cursor_info=invisible_cursor)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def show_cursor(self) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Show the cursor"""
|
||
|
current_cursor_size = self._get_cursor_size()
|
||
|
visible_cursor = CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO(dwSize=current_cursor_size, bVisible=1)
|
||
|
SetConsoleCursorInfo(self._handle, cursor_info=visible_cursor)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def set_title(self, title: str) -> None:
|
||
|
"""Set the title of the terminal window
|
||
|
|
||
|
Args:
|
||
|
title (str): The new title of the console window
|
||
|
"""
|
||
|
assert len(title) < 255, "Console title must be less than 255 characters"
|
||
|
SetConsoleTitle(title)
|
||
|
|
||
|
def _get_cursor_size(self) -> int:
|
||
|
"""Get the percentage of the character cell that is filled by the cursor"""
|
||
|
cursor_info = CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO()
|
||
|
GetConsoleCursorInfo(self._handle, cursor_info=cursor_info)
|
||
|
return int(cursor_info.dwSize)
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||
|
handle = GetStdHandle()
|
||
|
|
||
|
from rich.console import Console
|
||
|
|
||
|
console = Console()
|
||
|
|
||
|
term = LegacyWindowsTerm(sys.stdout)
|
||
|
term.set_title("Win32 Console Examples")
|
||
|
|
||
|
style = Style(color="black", bgcolor="red")
|
||
|
|
||
|
heading = Style.parse("black on green")
|
||
|
|
||
|
# Check colour output
|
||
|
console.rule("Checking colour output")
|
||
|
console.print("[on red]on red!")
|
||
|
console.print("[blue]blue!")
|
||
|
console.print("[yellow]yellow!")
|
||
|
console.print("[bold yellow]bold yellow!")
|
||
|
console.print("[bright_yellow]bright_yellow!")
|
||
|
console.print("[dim bright_yellow]dim bright_yellow!")
|
||
|
console.print("[italic cyan]italic cyan!")
|
||
|
console.print("[bold white on blue]bold white on blue!")
|
||
|
console.print("[reverse bold white on blue]reverse bold white on blue!")
|
||
|
console.print("[bold black on cyan]bold black on cyan!")
|
||
|
console.print("[black on green]black on green!")
|
||
|
console.print("[blue on green]blue on green!")
|
||
|
console.print("[white on black]white on black!")
|
||
|
console.print("[black on white]black on white!")
|
||
|
console.print("[#1BB152 on #DA812D]#1BB152 on #DA812D!")
|
||
|
|
||
|
# Check cursor movement
|
||
|
console.rule("Checking cursor movement")
|
||
|
console.print()
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_backward()
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_backward()
|
||
|
term.write_text("went back and wrapped to prev line")
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_up()
|
||
|
term.write_text("we go up")
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_down()
|
||
|
term.write_text("and down")
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_up()
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_backward()
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_backward()
|
||
|
term.write_text("we went up and back 2")
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_down()
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_backward()
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_backward()
|
||
|
term.write_text("we went down and back 2")
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
|
||
|
# Check erasing of lines
|
||
|
term.hide_cursor()
|
||
|
console.print()
|
||
|
console.rule("Checking line erasing")
|
||
|
console.print("\n...Deleting to the start of the line...")
|
||
|
term.write_text("The red arrow shows the cursor location, and direction of erase")
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_to_column(16)
|
||
|
term.write_styled("<", Style.parse("black on red"))
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_backward()
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
term.erase_start_of_line()
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
|
||
|
console.print("\n\n...And to the end of the line...")
|
||
|
term.write_text("The red arrow shows the cursor location, and direction of erase")
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
|
||
|
term.move_cursor_to_column(16)
|
||
|
term.write_styled(">", Style.parse("black on red"))
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
term.erase_end_of_line()
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
|
||
|
console.print("\n\n...Now the whole line will be erased...")
|
||
|
term.write_styled("I'm going to disappear!", style=Style.parse("black on cyan"))
|
||
|
time.sleep(1)
|
||
|
term.erase_line()
|
||
|
|
||
|
term.show_cursor()
|
||
|
print("\n")
|