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<em>Prototypes as Arguments </em>
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<br>
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<em>Prototyping Practices</em>
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<br>
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<br>(a pad on methodology)<br>(specifically the methodology of prototype making)<br>(theory * practice)<br>
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<br>---<br>
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<br>
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<em>proto-</em>
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<br>first in time<em> </em>(<em>proto</em>history)<br>beginning <strong>: </strong>giving rise to (<em>proto</em>planet)<br>capitalized <strong>: </strong>relating to or constituting the recorded or assumed language that is ancestral to a language or to a group of related languages or dialects<br>
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<br>
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<em>-type</em>
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<br>as noun: a particular kind, class, or group<br>as verb: to produce (a character, a document, etc.) using a keyboard (as on a typewriter or computer)<br>
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<br>[Merriam Webster]<br>---<br>
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<br>
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<strong># How a Prototype Argues (2010)</strong>
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<br>Alan Galey & Stan Ruecker<br>
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<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220675438_How_a_Prototype_Argues" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220675438_How_a_Prototype_Argues</a>
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<br>
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<br>
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<em>In this article, we argue that, just as an edition of a book can be a means of reifying a theory about how books should be edited, so can the creation of an experimental digital prototype be understood as conveying an argument about designing interfaces. Building on this premise, we explore theoretical affinities shared by recent design and book history scholarship, and connect those theories to the emerging practice of peer-reviewing digital objects in scholarly contexts. </em>
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<br>
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<br>
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<strong># Prospects and problems of prototype theory (2009)</strong>
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<br>Dirk Geerrearts<br>
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<a href="https://sci-hub.tw/10.1515/ling.1989.27.4.587" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://sci-hub.tw/10.1515/ling.1989.27.4.587</a>
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<br>> on Prototype theory within Linguistics<br>
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<br>
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<em>The theory originated in the mid-1970s with Eleanor Rosch's research into the <strong>internal structure of categories</strong>.</em>
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<br>
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<em>From its <strong>psycholinguistic origins</strong>, prototype theory has moved mainly in two directions. </em>
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<br>
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<em>- On the one hand, Rosch's findings and proposals were taken up by formal <strong>psycholexicology</strong> (and more generally, information-processing psychology), which tries to devise formal models for human conceptual memory and its operation, and which thus, obviously, <strong>borders on AI</strong>.</em>
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<br>
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<em>- On the other hand, prototype theory has had a steadily growing success in linguistics since the early 1980s.</em>
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<br>
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<br>
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<strong># Towards a Theory Of Prefigurative Practices (2017)</strong>
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<br>Valeria Graziano (is part of pirate.care)<br>
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<a href="https://hcommons.org/deposits/objects/hc:21418/datastreams/CONTENT/content" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://hcommons.org/deposits/objects/hc:21418/datastreams/CONTENT/content</a> (from page 176)<br>
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<br>
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<em>Ideas of prefiguration in political organizing</em>
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<br>
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<em>The notion of prefiguration first appeared to discuss the distinct way of doing politics invented by social justice movements in the 1960s and 1970s. <strong>It described the ways in which their everyday practices, including modes of organizing their sociality and reproduction, as well as the way they conceived direct actions, all appeared infused by an effort to embody the broader political goals that these movements wanted to achieve.</strong> This ethos of seeking congruence between the means and the ends of political action might be summarized clearly in famous expression “be the change you want to see”. Applied to collective scenarios then, prefiguration or prefigurative politics (the two term s have often been ased interchangeably by commentators) has appeared as a pragmatic principle of organizing social relations: either alongside or during political protests.</em>
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<br>- page 181<br>
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<br>
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<strong># "Design studies"</strong>
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<br>
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<strong>(from an EU funding open call around infrastructure research)</strong>
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<br>
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<a href="https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/wp/2018-2020/main/h2020-wp1820-infrastructures_en.pdf" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/wp/2018-2020/main/h2020-wp1820-infrastructures_en.pdf</a> page 7<br>
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<em>Design studies should tackle all the key questions concerning the <strong>technical and conceptual feasibility </strong>of new or upgraded fully fledged user facilities (proposals considering just a component for research infrastructures are not targeted by this topic). <strong>A design study proposal should demonstrate the relevance and the advancement with respect to the state-of-art of the proposed infrastructure</strong>. It should <strong>indicate the gaps</strong> in the research infrastructure landscape <strong>the new facility will cover</strong> as well as the <strong>research challenges it will make possible to address</strong>. All fields of research are considered.</em>
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<br>
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<br>
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<em>The main output of a design study will be the '<strong>conceptual design report</strong>' for a new or upgraded research infrastructure, showing the <strong>maturity of the concept</strong> and forming the basis for <strong>identifying and constructing the next generation</strong> of Europe's and the world's leading research infrastructures. </em>
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<br>
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<br>
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<strong># Idiotic Computing</strong>
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<br>is how David Benque frames his project: <a href="https://almanac.computer/" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://almanac.computer/</a>
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<br>(notes from a presentation at XPUB, 8th of October 2020)<br>The project operates between the realm of astrology & machine learning, around forms of future predictions.<br>Showing the <strong>idiotic potential of computation</strong> ... (Question during the Q&A: What could be the next step in the direction of idiotic computation?)<br>David uses Jupyter notebooks to publish the code behind the different elements in the project. <br>The notebooks as "<strong>grabbing point</strong>" ("<strong>grip</strong>", "<strong>handle</strong>") to hold yourself onto something in this huge slippery field of data science.<br>The notebook also provides a space to manipulate materials (as artists are used to do). <br>The "<strong>idiot</strong>" as a figure (ref. to Isabelle Stengers) to position the project with.<br>Cross ref to the field of <strong>software art</strong>, where artists started to include the cultural concequences of crunching numbers.<br>
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<br>
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<br>///<br>
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<br>
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<strong>Questions</strong>
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<br>
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<br>How does the prototype operate differently in different contexts of media art/design and digital humanities/academics?<br>How does it "operate"? ("operationability", "performativity", ...)<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>&&&<br>
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<br>
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<strong># Performative Materiality and Theoretical Approaches to Interface (2013)</strong>
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<br>Johanna Drucker<br>
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<a href="http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/7/1/000143/000143.html" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/7/1/000143/000143.html</a>
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<br>& <a href="https://pad.vvvvvvaria.org/performative-materiality" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://pad.vvvvvvaria.org/performative-materiality</a>
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>__PUBLISH__<br>
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